Written by: Ozochima Victor Chima (B.Sc)
Population is a group of
organism of the same species, living in an environment or location at the same
time interbreeding together.
Population ecology
Is a branch of ecology that deal with the structure and dynamic
species population and how this population interacts with the environment.
Population size: is the number of
individual or organism living in a particular area.
Population density: is number of
individual or organism per unit area or volum.
Natality: is the number of individual added to the
population through productivity in a givien time.
Mortality: is the number of death in a population in
a particular time.
Population growth rate: this is the birth
rate – death rate is expressed in percentage
Survivorship curves: this is another way
of measuring mortality. This curve show the proportion of individual likely to
survive and individual that survive within a given cycle.
Four type of survivorship curves
i. Type
I: life expectancy will decrease
ii. Type II:
life expectancy will be Constance
iii. Type III and
IV: life expectancy will vary.
Sex ratio: this is the ratio of
male to female in a population
Age distribution or structure: the particular age of a population
greatly determine the rate of the population
Type of individual in an age distribution
i. Pre
productive juvenile
ii. Productive
adult
iii. Post
productive adult
A population that have mainly pre productive Juvenile are expected
to grow in future, and a population with mainly productive adult will be
growing. But a population with a population with post productive adult whose
productive success is low will face low population
Population growth curve: a typical growth
curve consist of
i. Log phase
ii. Lag phase
iii. Stable / equilibrium
Carry capacity: this is the number of
population that a particular environment can support over a long period of
time. And is number of individual that can be maintain in a particular
environment.
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